Iran is a very diverse country although the Iranian government does not collect information about ethnicity through its census. Iran is one of the oldest civilizations in the world dating back to 3200-2800 BC. Moreover, Iran has the fourth largest petroleum reserves and largest natural gas reserves. Iran is home to many different cultures and religions, and Iran offers freedom to practice and carry these out in their own ways. It is bordered on the west by Iraq and on the northwest by Turkey. Iran's east is bordered by Pakistan and Afghanistan, and its south is bordered by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf. Adjoining Iran to the north are Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Armenia, with Kazakhstan and Russia to the north across the Caspian Sea. Iran, which is also called Persia or the Islamic Republic of Iran, is located in western Asia. Iran's young population is expected to reach 14 percent of the total population in 2050. The population of Iran changed and increased drastically during the past years, but now it is expected to drop by 2101 according to the deputy health minister of Iran, Fatima Rakhshani. This is also due to the people migrating from the surrounding countries ( Afghanistan and Iraq) for security reasons. The population of Iran is increasing at an alarming rate. Iran’s fertility rate has been just over 2.1 births per woman consistently for the past few years, keeping the rate just above the population replacement rate of 2.1 births per woman. Iran’s population growth rate is about 1.1%, a rate that has slowed down in recent decades.

Based on these projections, Iran will reach 100 million people by the end of 2043. Following its peak, the population is projected to slowly decline, falling to 98.83 million people by the end of the century. According to recent projections, Iran is expected to reach its peak population of 105.23 million at the end of 2061.

Us population density map 2018